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SS-31
Mitochondrial SupportSS-31 is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide that is being investigated for its potential in treating diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction by reducing oxidative damage. It has been evaluated in animal models and clinical trials for mitochondrial myopathy and metabolic dysfunction.
Reconstitute
3 mL BAC + 25mg vial
83 mcg/unit
Daily Range
0.05–0.25 mg Intravenous (IV)
Single IV infusion (clinical/research setting)
Standard Dose
0.1 mg
Cycle
4–8 weeks
then reassess
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidantOxidative damageMitochondrial dysfunction
Dosing & Reconstitution Guide
In preclinical studies, SS-31 has been administered at 3–10 mg/kg. Clinical trials have explored IV administration at doses up to 0.25 mg/kg. These uses are investigational only.
Standard / Gradual Approach
150mg VialstandardPhaseDoseVolume
Weeks 1–210 mg (10,000 mcg)20 units (0.20 mL)
Weeks 3–420 mg (20,000 mcg)40 units (0.40 mL)
Weeks 5–830 mg (30,000 mcg)60 units (0.60 mL)
Weeks 9–12+40 mg (40,000 mcg)80 units (0.80 mL)
Standard / Gradual Approach
150mg VialadvancedPhaseDoseVolume
Weeks 1–220 mg (20,000 mcg)40 units (0.40 mL)
Weeks 3–12+40 mg (40,000 mcg)80 units (0.80 mL)
Standard / Gradual Approach
90.9mg VialstandardPhaseDoseVolume
Weeks 1–210 mg (10,000 mcg)33 units (0.33 mL)
Weeks 3–420 mg (20,000 mcg)67 units (0.67 mL)
Weeks 5–8+30 mg (30,000 mcg)100 units (1.0 mL)
Protocol Summary
Intravenous (IV): Single IV infusion (clinical/research setting) · Dose range 0.05–0.25 mg with gradual titration
Subcutaneous (SQ): Once daily · Dose range 20–40 mg with gradual titration
Cycle Length: 4–8 weeks typical; reassess before extending
Frequency & Cycling
IV
Typical cycle length is 4–12 weeks, with reassessment of mitochondrial function after the cycle.
Subcutaneous
Cycle: 4–6 weeks on, then 2–4 weeks off Morning dosing is most common. Some researchers use 0.1–1mg daily for microdosing. Often used as a primer before MOTS-c.
🧪 Quick Start
Vial Size
25 mg
BAC Water
3 mL
Concentration
8300 mcg/unit
Starting Dose
5 mg (5000 mcg) (30 units (0.30 mL))
Maintenance Dose
10 mg (10,000 mcg) (60 units (0.60 mL))
Potential Benefits & Use Cases
SS-31 is an investigational compound. It is not approved for human use outside of regulated clinical trials.
Reduces symptoms and improves functional capacity in Barth syndrome — significant improvements in 6-Minute Walk Test and symptom scores after 48 weeks (FDA-approved)
Stabilizes mitochondrial membranes and optimizes electron transport chain function (preclinical)
Enhances ATP production and reduces pathological reactive oxygen species (preclinical)
Shows protective effects in models of heart failure, neurodegeneration, and age-related muscle atrophy (preclinical)
Upregulates frataxin protein levels in Phase 1/2 trial for Friedreich's ataxia (Phase 1/2)
Clinical data Strong preclinical Limited data
Mechanism of Action
→Reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress
→Improves mitochondrial function
→Targets cardiolipin in the inner mitochondrial membrane
→Preserves ATP production and mitochondrial integrity under stress
Stacking Synergies
+
AOD-9604
Complementary effects in mitochondrial support and energy optimization
+
MOTS-c
Mitochondrial repair and biogenesis sequence when used after SS-31
+
Humanin
Neuroprotection and mitochondrial resilience in aging tissues
+
KPV
Enhances redox balance and supports mitochondrial function when combined
Lifestyle & Optimization
diet
Emphasize mitochondrial cofactors (B-vitamins, CoQ10, magnesium). Minimize mitotoxins (alcohol, environmental toxins).
sleep
Sleep 7–9 hours.
timing
Consistent daily dosing.
exercise
Combine resistance and aerobic training.
Peptide Research & Preclinical Studies
Evidence-Based Research Findings
Study TitleType
Side Effects & Safety
Common Side Effects
• ~80% of patients experience mild injection-site reactions in clinical trials
Long-Term Safety Data
• Safety data beyond 12 weeks remains limited; extended use requires monitoring
🧮 Dose Calculator
Concentration
83.3
mcg/unit
Draw Volume
6
units (0.060 mL)
For a 500 mcg dose, draw 6 units on a U-100 insulin syringe
🧬
Bioavailability & Absorption
SubQ Injection
Not applicable for SS-31 as it is primarily administered intravenously.
Oral Administration
Oral bioavailability is low due to the peptide nature and degradation in the gastrointestinal tract.
Half-Life
Approximately 2.5 hours
Degradation
Primarily metabolized by proteolytic enzymes present in the blood.
Tissue Specificity
Primarily targets mitochondria across various tissues.
⚗️
Peptide Details
Molecular Weight
1334.48
Formula
C62H91N13O13
Sequence
D-Arg-Dmt-Lys-Phe-NH2
⚖️
Legal Status & Regulatory
RegionStatus
EUNot Approved
FDANot Approved
CanadaNot Approved
AustraliaNot Approved
Storage Instructions
Lyophilized (Powder)
freeze at −20 °C (−4 °F); after reconstitution, refrigerate at 2–8 °C (35.6–46.4 °F); use within 4 weeks
Reconstituted (Mixed)
Refrigerate at 2–8 °C (35.6–46.4 °F) immediately after mixing; use within 4 weeks for optimal stability